English Unlimited HTL 3, Schulbuch mit Audio-CD und CD-ROM

156 Grammar reference and practice Imaginary situation If you were free tomorrow, we would be able … We would be able to go to the cinema if you were … You can replace will and would with other modal verbs, e.g. can , could , may , might , should . If you’re free tomorrow, we could go to the cinema. If your brother lived here, he might be able to help us. PRACTICE 1a Complete the conditional sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets and will or ’d where necessary. 1 If I (have) a better job, I be a lot happier. 2 If you (go) to Paris, you should visit the Eiffel Tower. 3 If the weather (be) bad tomorrow, we can just stay in. 4 I talk to Felix if I (see) him tomorrow. 5 I be a lot healthier if I (not / eat) so much fast food. 6 If he (work) harder, he probably do better at school. 7 If you (not / feel) well, you should go home. 1b Say what you think the situation is for each sentence. The person is unhappy because he or she doesn’t have a very good job. Present perfect simple and progressive MEANING You can use both present perfect simple and present perfect progressive to link the past and present. Present perfect simple Use the present perfect simple to emphasise the result of finished actions in the past and to talk about the number of times something has happened. I ’ve finished painting the room. Do you like it? I ’ve only smoked five cigarettes today. You usually use it with ‘short-action’ verbs, for example: start , lose , buy … I ’ve just started an English course. Present perfect progressive You can use the present perfect progressive to talk about unfinished or recently finished activities. You also use it to emphasise how long something has been happening, or that it’s been happening a lot. I ’ve been painting my room. Do you like it so far? I ’ve been waiting for five hours. (emphasise duration) I ’ve been calling all day. (emphasise repetition) Note: Some time expressions can go in more than one position: Already can also go at the end of a sentence. I’ve written the essay already . Recently can also go in mid position in positive sentences. We’ve recently seen her. It can’t go in mid position in negative sentences. We haven’t recently seen her. PRACTICE Add these time expressions to the sentences: already always for just never since yet 1 You’ve done the homework, haven’t you? Could you help me? You’ve already done the homework … 2 I haven’t finished the report for today’s class. I’m very worried. 3 He’s lived in the same house. He was born there. 4 They’ve had that car ten years. It’s broken down. (2x) 5 We’ve come back from safari in Kenya. It was amazing. 6 We haven’t seen each other university, but it seems like yesterday. 7 I’ve liked spicy food. It’s too hot for me. Unit 4 Real and unreal conditionals MEANING In real conditional sentences, the speaker thinks the situation in the if part of the sentence is realistic or possible. If you’re free tomorrow, we could go to the cinema. (I think you might be free tomorrow.) You can use real conditionals to do different things, like recommending, offering or suggesting. If Perfect Day is on, you should go and see it. (recommending) If you like, I’ll get you a ticket. (offering) If you have time, we could get a coffee. (suggesting) In unreal conditional sentences, the speaker thinks the situation in the if part of the sentence is unrealistic or impossible. These sentences use past verbs (were, had, etc.), but they are not about the past. They’re about the present or the future. If you were free tomorrow, I’d invite you too. (I know you aren’t free tomorrow.) FORM Conditional sentences have two parts, the if clause and the main clause. When the if clause comes second, you don’t need to use a comma. Real situation If you’re free tomorrow, we’ll go to the cinema. We’ll go to the cinema if you’re free tomorrow. Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv