English Unlimited HTL 4/5, Schulbuch mit Audio-CD und CD-ROM

174 Preparing for final exams The latest European Union (EU) statistics from Eurostat show its member nations are on track to meet their renewables targets but will need a new policy boost to keep up the pace.  Watching the EU’s cumulative progress toward its ‘triple twenty by 2020’ targets is important because its leaders, especially Germany and Spain, set the benchmark for policy support of renewables internationally.  The EU’s ‘triple twenty by 2020’ standard is aimed at getting 20 percent of their power from renewables, improving efficiency by 20 percent, and cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 20 percent.  The EU renewables mix is composed of onshore and offshore wind, photovoltaic solar, concentrating solar and solar hot water, hydro-, wave, and tidal power, geothermal power, and biomass used to generate electricity or produce biofuels.  The March 27, 2013, ‘Report from the Com- mission to the European Parliament’ said policies to date have “resulted in strong growth.” Renewables accounted for 12.7 percent of the EU’s energy in 2010 and “the majority of member states already reached their respective 2011/2012 interim target.”  One exception: The report found efforts to meet the EU’s requirement that each state’s transportation sector be 10 percent biofuel-powered by 2020 to be “too slow.” It added, however, that “further specific policy intervention” to drive that transition is not needed. EU on track to meet 2020 solar, wind, renewables targets, but… Overview of member states‘ progress Member state 2005 RES share 2010 RES share 1st interim target 2020 RES target Austria 23.3% 30.1% 25.4% 34% Czech Republic 6.1% 9.4% 7.5% 13% France 10.3% 13.5% 12.8% 23% Germany 5.8% 11% 8.2% 18% Hungary 4.3% 8.8% 6.0% 13% Latvia 32.6% 32.6% 34.0% 40% Malta 0% 0.4% 2.0% 10% Slovakia 6.7% 9.8% 8.2% 14% Slovenia 16.0% 19.9% 17.8% 25% UK 1.3% 3.3% 4.0% 15% EU 8.5% 12.7% 10.7% 20% > 2% above interim target  < 1% from or < 2% above interim target  > 1% below interim target (from the European Commission) EU gross inland energy consumption by fuel in 1990 and 2009 Total EU 27 gross inland energy consumption 1,665 Mtoe * * Million tonnes of oil equivalent Total EU 27 gross inland energy consumption 1,703 Mtoe * 1990 Oil 38% Oil 37% Gas 19% Gas 24% Coal 27% Coal 16% RES 4% RES 9% Nuclear 12% Nuclear 14% 2009 Nur zu Prüfzw cken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv