■■ The modal verbs would, could, should, might and used to don’t change in reported speech. Mary: “I could meet you at the airport.” 1 Mary said that she could meet me at the airport. ■■ You can leave out that when reporting a statement. Mary said that she was feeling ill. or Mary said she was feeling ill. ■■ When you report what someone told someone else (not) to do, use tell / ask + someone + (not) + to + infinitive. Boss: “Mary, please call the IT manager.” 1 Mary’s boss asked her to call the IT manager. Mother: “Don’t worry.” 1 His mother told him not to worry. ■■ When you talk about or report yes/no questions, use if or whether. Mary: “Do you speak English?” 1 Mary asked (him) if he spoke English. ■■ You report wh- questions using ask / want to know + question word. Mary: “What’s your name?” 1 Mary asked (him) what his name was. (not what was his name) Practice Change the statements, instructions and questions into reported speech. 1 “I’m planning to open a shop.” The manager said … 2 “Are you on a business trip?” The customs officer asked her … 3 “Have you ever used a fitness centre?” The interviewer wanted to know … 4 “How long are you planning to stay?” The receptionist asked me … 5 “Stay in bed for at least three days.” Her doctor told … 6 “Don’t shout at me.” The waitress asked her boss … 7 “We don’t have much free time.” We explained to gran … 8 “Prepare your presentation well!” The teacher told us … 9 “We might drop in if we have time.” Stephen said … 10 “Where’s our CD player?” Ms Fleming asked the class … 11 “I’ll help you with the project.” Ryan told his mates … Infinitive constructions with or without to Meaning Verbs like allow, want, would like, tell, order, promise, persuade, remind, expect that express wishes, orders or thinking processes can be followed by the infinitive with to. Sentence structure: subject – verb – object – infinitive with to They allowed him to pay by credit card. Mom wants me to come home early today, because we are celebrating Gran’s birthday. The tennis coach told Michael to hold his racket differently. The infinitive with to can follow how and whether to explain how something works or to speak about choices. Thiago did not know whether to stay in Glasgow for another day or leave for Edinburgh. I showed him how to operate the vending machine. We discussed whether to invite Ricky’s new boyfriend or not. The infinitive with to can follow words like the first/second/ last or some adjectives like easy, difficult, interesting. After only it can express a disappointing result of something. Martin was the first to arrive at the station. It was easy for Sarah to spot the mistake. Pam went to the expensive shoe store only to find that it was closed. (She was disappointed about it.) He got his bike repaired only to damage it again. (He ruined it immediately afterwards, which is disappointing.) Use the bare infinitive (without to) after direct objects and with verbs of perception like see, watch, hear or feel: The man saw the dog run round the corner. I felt the weather get colder in the evenings. Do you hear the birds sing? Form Present simple Present progressive (to) pay (to) be paying Practice Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. 1 I expected me at the airport. (my brother; meet) 2 Our teacher was that Greg was missing. (the last; realise) 3 We didn’t know to the cinema or stay home and watch a video. (whether; go) 4 She wanted her everything about the scandal. (Joe; tell) 5 My brother would like him to the cinema tonight. (me; take) 6 Larry persuaded the concert tickets early. (his girlfriend; book) 7 Grandpa always asks me his new smartphone. (how; operate) 8 I find it really this math problem. (difficult; solve) 9 Every morning dad reminds my little sister from kindergarten. (me; pick up) 10 I can hear the guitar. (John; play) 11 Did you see ? (two men; leave) 150 G Grammar reference and practice Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum de Verlags öbv
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