polling station Wahllokal referendum Volksabstimmung, Referendum to run for office sich für ein Amt bewerben, kandidieren to vote for someone für jemanden stimmen (This is what one person does.) to elect someone jemanden wählen (This is what all voters together do – the entire electorate.) Underlying ideas and principles collective kollektiv, gemeinsam, gemeinschaftlich Our government is a collective effort by all the people to share the resources fairly. to have a say ein Mitspracherecht haben consensus Konsens, Einigkeit, Übereinstimmung conciliation Schlichtung, Beschwichtigung, Abstimmung All presidential candidates are convinced that conciliation with China is essential. to preserve erhalten, bewahren means Mittel, Weg to blur verschwimmen to revolve around sich drehen um civic life bürgerliches Leben obligation Verpflichtung civic duties Bürgerpflichten to see fit für angebracht halten Generally, we are allowed to live our lives as we see fit. to associate with verkehren mit nominally democratic (nur) dem Namen nach demokratisch liberal liberal, tolerant, offen illiberal unterdrückerisch, intolerant intimidation Einschüchterung coercion Zwang We need to avoid pressure and coercion, though respectful persuasion can be okay. to undermine untergraben, unterminieren, schwächen seismic shift richtungsweisende Veränderung to threaten bedrohen to compel (er)zwingen dissent Widerspruch, Einwand to hamper behindern, Schwierigkeiten bereiten to take for granted als selbstverständlich hinnehmen, als gegeben voraussetzen pluralism Pluralismus, Vielfalt von Meinungen und Ansichten oppressive unterdrückerisch, repressiv irredeemable unrettbar, unwiederbringlich verloren Methods & strategies: Using advanced vocabulary and grammar Be the bee’s knees The language you use at the exam should be at level B2. This means, among other things, that you can and do use at least some“complex structures” and a “good range of vocabulary”. You do not need to use these things in every sentence, but you can certainly showcase your skills from time to time. Complex grammatical structures Re-familiarise yourself with the grammar you have learned over the past few years. It is not necessary to pack as many complex structures into your speech or presentation as possible; in fact, it is counterproductive. However, situations that call for a certain structure will probably arise naturally. For example, you may want to ask your discussion partner if they think something should be changed in a company’s privacy policy, or what they think would happen if you brought up that subject at the next meeting. To talk about these things, you need to know how to use the passive voice (“something should be changed”) and the second conditional, or type 2 if-sentences (“what would happen if I brought this up at the meeting”). Using these structures correctly will definitely move your performance higher up on the assessment scale! There are lots of great online resources to train your grammar skills. However, if you feel shaky about these things, it is probably best to get a good grammar book, such as English Grammar in Use by Raymond Murphy. To practice both B2 vocabulary and grammar, the book Destination B2 by Malcolm Mann and Steve Taylore-Knowles is very useful, as are many others. The “Core Inventory” (1 2.8) also lists some aspects of grammar a B2 speaker should be familiar with, such as advanced tenses (e.g. past continuous, past perfect continuous, future perfect), mixed conditionals, reported speech, relative clauses, advanced modals, and others. Other relevant areas include questions, -ing form vs. infinitive, and inversions. If you don’t feel comfortable with these structures, study them. How-to [E] [H] [I] 9.2 Video: Advanced grammar & vocab a 82 Key aspects Strategies Sample task 9 Politics Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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