15 A great example is the Vienna Roller Derby’s pioneering male and non-binary cheerleading squad, the Fearleaders, which (4) has made / makes a significant impact on the sport since they (5) have been founded / were founded in 2013. Throughout their career, the Fearleaders (6) have brought / brought joyfulness and an irresistible sense of humour to the athleticism of cheerleading and (7) will show / have shown audiences a new version of masculinity and strength, one that (8) is / has been well suited to modern society. Let’s hope that other sports (9) have followed / will follow their example. What tense is used in the text to describe changes like those in (3) or (4)? Now use the tense yourself to answer the following questions: 1 How has the sport of cheerleading changed over the last few decades? 2 How have the Fearleaders contributed to changes in the world of cheerleading? b 20 By the way: Sports in Ireland Gaelic games lie at the heart of who the Irish are and what it is to be Irish. The games are truly unique and exciting, and visitors to Ireland are fascinated by them. The two main Gaelic games are Gaelic football and hurling. In a conventional game of football, what would the referee do if a player picked up the ball and ran? They would blow the whistle and penalise the player. But Gaelic football is different. Players can use both their hands and feet to control the ball. Each team has 15 players, and the scoring system is also unlike that of most football codes. Sending the ball over the crossbar of the H-shaped goal scores one point, while getting it under the bar, into the net, scores three points. Hurling is another uniquely Irish game – and one of the oldest field sports in the world. It has been played in Ireland for over 800 years and is incredibly fast, skillful and intense. The women’s version of the game is known as ‘camogie’. While hurling is sometimes compared to field hockey because it involves a stick and a ball, the similarities end there. Some people have jokingly described it as a mixture of hockey and war! The curved wooden stick with a flat end is known as a ‘hurl’ or ‘hurley’, or, in Irish, a ‘camán’ (pronounced ‘come-awn’) and is made from a single piece of wood. The ball, or ‘sliotar’ (pronounced ‘shlit-her’), is about the size of a tennis ball and covered in leather. As well as striking the ball with the hurley, players can kick or hit it with their hand. One of the most impressive skills in hurling is the ability to bounce or balance the ball on the hurl while sprinting at full speed, before flipping it high into the air and sending it soaring over (or under) the H-shaped goalposts. No wonder that players usually wear protective helmets these days! The other two Gaelic games are rounders and Gaelic handball. Every weekend, club matches in all four sports take place in towns and villages across Ireland. The biggest Gaelic football and hurling games regularly draw crowds of over 40,000 spectators. Do you know any sports that are only played in our part of the world? How would you explain them to someone who’s never seen them before? Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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